Network Rail is the government-owned organization responsible for owning, operating, and maintaining most of Britain’s railway infrastructure. Founded in 2002 as the successor to Railtrack, the company functions as a non-departmental public body under the Department for Transport. Network Rail reinvests its income into the rail system, supporting infrastructure management, maintenance, and long-term network planning. The organization plays a central role in providing safe and reliable rail infrastructure for passenger and freight operators while managing major projects across the national network. Network Rail has undertaken significant modernization initiatives, including large-scale upgrades and electrification programs designed to improve reliability and system capacity. Its public service mandate includes supporting national transportation goals and long-term rail strategy. Network Rail is publicly owned and operates without shareholders, making it a publicly held entity.